[GYGY] GYGY - Lake El'gygytgyn Drilling Project
ICDP-Topics:
Climate & Ecosystems
Paleoclimate
Impact Structures
Year of Application: 2005
Expedition ID: 5011
Current Status: completed
Master Data
Dr. Catalina Gebhardt (PI)
Prof. Dr. Uwe Reimold (PI)
Prof. Dr. Dirk Wagner (PI)
Dr. Alexander Prokopenko (PI)
Dr. Georg Schwamborn (PI)
Dr. Olaf Juschus (PI)
Prof. Dr. Ulrike Herzschuh (PI)
Prof. Dr. Martin Melles (PI)
Dr. Ralf-Thomas Schmitt (PI)
Prof. Dr. Frank Preusser (Scientific Participant)
Dr. Wenwei Zhao (Scientific Participant)
Stephanie Scheidt (Scientific Participant)
Dr. Andrej Andreev (Scientific Participant)
Dr. Bernhard Chapligin (Scientific Participant)
Dr. Ulli Raschke (Scientific Participant)
Dr. Lutz Schirrmeister (Scientific Participant)
Dr. Volker Wennrich (Scientific Participant)
Jeremy Courtin (Scientific Participant)
Projektstart: 10 January, 2006
Projektdauer: 3,5
Geologisches
Alter: pliocene to quarternary
Latitude: 67°30'N
Kontinente:
Regionen & Städte:
Longitude: 172°5'E
Länder:
Themen:
Related DFG-Projects
Description
Lake El’gygytgyn, located in central Chukotka, NE Russia, is a 3.6 million year old impact crater lake with a diameter of 12 km and a water depth of 170 m. During the last 6 years the sedimentary record of the lake has become a major focus of multi-disciplinary multi-national paleoclimatic research and is now a world-class target for deep drilling. A full-length sediment core would yield a complete record of Arctic climate evolution; back one million years prior to the first major glaciation of the Northern Hemisphere. Geomorphological evidence from the catchment suggests that the crater was never glaciated during the entire Late Cenozoic. A 12.9 m long sediment core retrieved from the deepest part of the lake in 1998 revealed a basal age of approx. 250 ka, confirmed the lack of glacial erosion, and underlined the sensitivity of this lacustrine environment to reflect high-resolution climatic change. A 16.7 m long sediment core taken in 2003 confirms the reproducibility of the record and dates to nearly 300 ka. The first single channel seismic survey in 2000 and multi-channel seismic surveys in 2003 have now been processed suggesting a depth-velocity model of brecciated bedrock overlain by a suevite layer, in turn overlain by two undisturbed, lacustrine sedimentary units up to 400 m in thickness. This final pre-site survey expedition in 2003 included modern process studies, geomorphic and permafrost studies of lake and river terrace stratigraphies, additional lake sediment coring and some of the first permafrost coring. Two workshops in 2001 and 2004 provided the scientific framework for the synthesis of all available data. This proposal requests funds for a major drilling campaign in El´gygytgyn Lake in spring 2007. Our goal is to collect the longest most unprecedented record of climate change in the terrestrial arctic for comparison with lower latitude marine and terrestrial archives of hemispheric and global climate evolution. Coring objectives include replicate cores of 630 m length to retrieve a continuous paleoclimate record from the deepest part of the lake and into the underlying impact breccias and bedrock. Studies of the impact rocks offers the planetary community with the opportunity to study a well preserved crater uniquely found in igneous rocks like those on Mars. One additional core to ca. 200 m into permafrost from the adjacent catchment will allow us to test ideas about arctic permafrost history and sediment supply to the lake since the time of impact.
Related Publications
Ramesh Glückler, Rongwei Geng, Lennart Grimm, Izabella Baisheva, Ulrike Herzschuh, Kathleen R. Stoof-Leichsenring, Stefan Kruse, Andrei Andreev, Luidmilla Pestryakova, Elisabeth Dietze (2022). "Holocene wildfire and vegetation dynamics in Central Yakutia, Siberia, reconstructed from lake-sediment proxies" Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 10 p1-19
Andrei Andreev, Elisabeth Dietze, Olga Glushkova, Vladimir Smirnov, Volker Wennrich, Martin Melles (2021). "The Environment at Lake El’gygytgyn Area (Northeastern Russian Arctic) Prior to and After the Meteorite Impact at 3.58 Ma" Frontiers in Earth Science: Sec. Quaternary Science, Geomorphology and Paleoenvironment
Ramesh Glückler, Ulrike Herzschuh, Stefan Kruse, Andrei Andreev, Stuart Andrew Vyse, Bettina Winkler, Boris K. Biskaborn, Luidmila Pestryakova, Elisabeth Dietze (2021). "Wildfire history of the boreal forest of south-western Yakutia (Siberia) over the last two millennia documented by a lake-sediment charcoal record" Biogeosciences 18 p4185-4209
Elisabeth Dietze, Kai Mangelsdorf, Andrei Andreev, Cornelia Karger, Laura T. Schreuder, Ellen C. Hopmans, Oliver Rach, Dirk Sachse, Volker Wennrich, Ulrike Herzschuh (2020). "Relationships between low-temperature fires, climate and vegetation during three late glacials and interglacials of the last 430 kyr in northeastern Siberia reconstructed from monosaccharide anhydrides in Lake El'gygytgyn sediments" EGU: Climate of the Past 16(2) p799–818
Lutz Schirrmeister, Elisabeth Dietze, Heidrun Matthes, Guido Grosse, Jens Strauss, Sebastian Laboor, Mathias Ulrich, Frank Kienast, Sebastian Wetterich (2020). "The genesis of Yedoma Ice Complex permafrost – grain-size endmember modeling analysis from Siberia and Alaska" E&G Quaternary Science Journal 69 p33-53
Zhao, Wenwei, Rarasov, Pavel E., Lozhkin, Anatoly V., Anderson, Patricia M., Andreev, Andrei A., Korzun, Julie A., Melles, Martin, Nedorubova, Ekaterina Y., Wennrich, Volker (2018). "High-latitude vegetation and climate changes during the Mid-Pleistocene Transition inferred fromapalynological record from Lake El’gygytgyn, NE Russian Arctic" BOREAS 47 p137-149
Melles, Martin, Wennrich, Volker (2017). "Arctic Glacial and Interglacial Variability throughout the Quaternary: Evidence from Lake El’gygytgyn, northeastern Russia" Polarforschung 87 p43-60
Kontny, Agnes, Grothaus, Lea (2017). "Effects of shock pressure and temperature on titanomagnetite from ICDP cores and target rocks of the El’gygytgyn impact structure, Russia" Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica 61 p162-183
Zhao, Wenwei (2017). "Quaternary environmental changes in central Chukotka (NE Siberia, Russia) inferred from Lake El’gygytgyn pollen record and biome reconstruction" Dissertation p123
Raschke, Ulli (2017). "The El’gygytgyn impact structure, Siberia: Impactites from a mid-size impact structure in volcanic target rocks" Dissertation p289
Herzschuh, Ulrike, Birks, H John B, Laepple, Thomas, Andreev, Andrei, Melles, Martin, Brigham-Grette, Julie (2016). "Glacial legacies on interglacial vegetation at the Pliocene-Pleistocene transition in NE Asia" Nature communications 7
Wennrich, Volker, Andreev, Andrei A, Tarasov, Pavel E, Fedorov, Grigory, Zhao, Wenwei, Gebhardt, Catalina A, Meyer-Jacob, Carsten, Snyder, Jeffrey A, Nowaczyk, Norbert R, Schwamborn, Georg (2016). "Impact processes, permafrost dynamics, and climate and environmental variability in the terrestrial Arctic as inferred from the unique 3.6 Myr record of Lake El'gygytgyn, Far East Russia–A review" Quaternary Science Reviews 147 p221-244
Andreev, Andrei A., Tarasov, Pavel E., Wennrich, Volker, Melles, Martin (2016). "Millennial-scale vegetation changes in the north-eastern Russian Arctic during the Pliocene/Pleistocene transition (2.7–2.5 Ma) inferred from the pollen record of Lake El’gygytgyn" Quaternary Science Reviews 147 p245-258
Heise, Janine, Nega, Marcella, Alawi, Mashal, Wagner, Dirk (2016). "Propidium monoazide treatment to distinguish between live and dead methanogens in pure cultures and environmental samples" Journal of Microbiological Methods 121 p11-23
Kruse, Stefan, Wieczorek, Mareike, Jeltsch, Florian, Herzschuh, Ulrike (2016). "Treeline dynamics in Siberia under changing climates as inferred from an individual-based model for Larix" Ecological Modelling 338 p101-121
Coletti, A. J., DeConto, R. M., Brigham-Grette, J., Melles, M. (2015). "A GCM comparison of Pleistocene super-interglacial periods in relation to Lake El'gygytgyn, NE Arctic Russia" Clim. Past 11 p979-989
Ohlendorf, Christian, Wennrich, Volker, Enters, Dirk (2015). "Experiences with XRF-scanning of long sediment records" Micro-XRF Studies of Sediment Cores p351-372
Raschke, Ulli, Schmitt, Ralf Thomas, McDonald, Iain, Reimold, Wolf Uwe, Mader, Dieter, Koeberl, Christian (2015). "Geochemical studies of impact breccias and country rocks from the El'gygytgyn impact structure, Russia" Meteoritics & Planetary Science 50 p1071-1088
Zhao, W. W., Andreev, A. A., Wennrich, V., Tarasov, P. E., Anderson, P., Lozhkin, A. V., Melles, M. (2015). "The Réunion Subchron vegetation and climate history of the northeastern Russian Arctic inferred from the Lake El'gygytgyn pollen record" Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology p167-177
Meyer-Jacob, C., Vogel, H., Gebhardt, A. C., Wennrich, V., Melles, M., Rosén, P. (2014). "Biogeochemical variability during the past 3.6 million years recorded by FTIR spectroscopy in the sediment record of Lake El'gygytgyn, Far East Russian Arctic" Clim. Past p209-220
Bischoff, Juliane, Mangelsdorf, Kai, Schwamborn, Georg, Wagner, Dirk (2014). "Impact of Lake-Level and Climate Changes on Microbial Communities in a Terrestrial Permafrost Sequence of the El'gygytgyn Crater, Far East Russian Arctic" Permafrost and Periglacial Processes p107-116
Minyuk, P.S., Borkhodoev, V.Y., Wennrich, V. (2014). "Inorganic geochemistry data from Lake El'gygytgyn sediments: marine isotope stages 6–11 " Climate of the Past 10 p467-485
Andreev, A. A., Tarasov, P. E., Wennrich, V., Raschke, E., Herzschuh, U., Nowaczyk, N. R., Brigham-Grette, J., Melles, M. (2014). "Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene vegetation history of northeastern Russian Arctic inferred from the Lake El'gygytgyn pollen record" Clim. Past p1017-1039
Schwamborn, G., Meyer, H., Schirrmeister, L., Fedorov, G. (2014). "Past freeze and thaw cycling in the margin of the El'gygytgyn crater deduced from a 141 m long permafrost record" Clim. Past p1109-1123
Wennrich, V., Minyuk, P. S., Borkhodoev, V., Francke, A., Ritter, B., Nowaczyk, N. R., Sauerbrey, M. A., Brigham-Grette, J., Melles, M. (2014). "Pliocene to Pleistocene climate and environmental history of Lake El'gygytgyn, Far East Russian Arctic, based on high-resolution inorganic geochemistry data" Clim. Past p1381-1399
Raschke, Ulli, Zaag, Patrice Tristan, Schmitt, Ralf Thomas, Reimold, Wolf Uwe (2014). "The 2011 expedition to the El'gygytgyn impact structure, Northeast Russia: Toward a new geological map for the crater area" Meteoritics & Planetary Science p978-1006
Frank, U, Nowaczyk, NR, Minyuk, Pavel, Vogel, Hendrik, Rosen, Peter, Melles, Martin (2013). "A 350 ka record of climate change from Lake El'gygytgyn, Far East Russian Arctic: refining the pattern of climate modes by means of cluster analysis" Climate of the Past 9 p1559-1569
Tarasov, P. E., Andreev, A. A., Anderson, P. M., Lozhkin, A. V., Leipe, C., Haltia, E., Nowaczyk, N. R., Wennrich, V., Brigham-Grette, J., Melles, M. (2013). "A pollen-based biome reconstruction over the last 3.562 million years in the Far East Russian Arctic - new insights into climate-vegetation relationships at the regional scale" Clim. Past 9 p2759-2775
Cunningham, L., Vogel, H., Wennrich, V., Juschus, O., Nowaczyk, N., Rosén, P. (2013). "Amplified bioproductivity during Transition IV (332 000-342 000 yr ago): evidence from the geochemical record of Lake El'gygytgyn" Clim. Past 9 p679-686
Nowaczyk, N. R., Haltia, E. M., Ulbricht, D., Wennrich, V., Sauerbrey, M. A., Rosén, P., Vogel, H., Francke, A., Meyer-Jacob, C., Andreev, A. A., Lozhkin, A. V. (2013). "Chronology of Lake El'gygytgyn sediments - a combined magnetostratigraphic, palaeoclimatic and orbital tuning study based on multi-parameter analyses" Clim. Past 9 p2413-2432
Vogel, H., Meyer-Jacob, C., Melles, M., Brigham-Grette, J., Andreev, A. A., Wennrich, V., Tarasov, P. E., Rosén, P. (2013). "Detailed insight into Arctic climatic variability during MIS 11c at Lake El'gygytgyn, NE Russia" Clim. Past 9 p1467-1479
Koeberl, Christian, Pittarello, Lidia, Reimold, Wolf Uwe, Raschke, Ulli, Brigham-Grette, Julie, Melles, Martin, Minyuk, Pavel (2013). "El'gygytgyn impact crater, Chukotka, Arctic Russia: Impact cratering aspects of the 2009 ICDP drilling project" Meteoritics & Planetary Science 48 p1108-1129
Ponomareva, Vera, Portnyagin, Maxim, Derkachev, Alexander, Juschus, Olaf, Garbe-Schönberg, Dieter, Nürnberg, Dirk (2013). "Identification of a widespread Kamchatkan tephra: A middle Pleistocene tie-point between Arctic and Pacific paleoclimatic records" Geophysical Research Letters 40 p3538-3543
Raschke, Ulli, Reimold, Wolf Uwe, Zaag, Patrice Tristan, Pittarello, Lidia, Koeberl, Christian (2013). "Lithostratigraphy of the impactite and bedrock section of ICDP drill core D1c from the El'gygytgyn impact crater, Russia" Meteoritics & Planetary Science 48 p1143-1159
Sauerbrey, M. A., Juschus, O., Gebhardt, A. C., Wennrich, V., Nowaczyk, N. R., Melles, M. (2013). "Mass movement deposits in the 3.6 Ma sediment record of Lake El'gygytgyn, Far East Russian Arctic" Clim. Past 9 p1949-1967
Bischoff, Juliane (2013). "Microbial communities and their response to Pleistocene and Holocene climate variabilities in the Russian Arctic" Dissertation p149
Wilkie, K. M. K., Chapligin, B., Meyer, H., Burns, S., Petsch, S., Brigham-Grette, J. (2013). "Modern isotope hydrology and controls on δD of plant leaf waxes at Lake El'gygytgyn, NE Russia" Clim. Past 9 p335-352
Wennrich, V., Francke, A., Dehnert, A., Juschus, O., Leipe, T., Vogt, C., Brigham-Grette, J., Minyuk, P. S., Melles, M., El'gygytgyn Science, Party (2013). "Modern sedimentation patterns in Lake El'gygytgyn, NE Russia, derived from surface sediment and inlet streams samples" Clim. Past 9 p135-148
Francke, A., Wennrich, V., Sauerbrey, M., Juschus, O., Melles, M., Brigham-Grette, J. (2013). "Multivariate statistic and time series analyses of grain-size data in quaternary sediments of Lake El'gygytgyn, NE Russia" Clim. Past 9 p2459-2470
Mottaghy, D., Schwamborn, G., Rath, V. (2013). "Past climate changes and permafrost depth at the Lake El'gygytgyn site: implications from data and thermal modeling" Clim. Past 9 p119-133
Raschke, Ulli, Schmitt, Ralf T., Reimold, W. Uwe (2013). "Petrography and geochemistry of impactites and volcanic bedrock in the ICDP drill core D1c from Lake El'gygytgyn, NE Russia" Meteoritics & Planetary Science 48 p1251-1286
Wittmann, Axel, Goderis, Steven, Claeys, Philippe, Vanhaecke, Frank, Deutsch, Alexander, Adolph, Leonie (2013). "Petrology of impactites from El’gygytgyn crater: Breccias in ICDP-drill core 1C, glassy impact melt rocks and spherules" Meteoritics & Planetary Science 48 p1199-1235
Gebhardt, A. C., Francke, A., Kück, J., Sauerbrey, M., Niessen, F., Wennrich, V., Melles, M. (2013). "Petrophysical characterization of the lacustrine sediment succession drilled in Lake El'gygytgyn, Far East Russian Arctic" Clim. Past 9 p1933-1947
Brigham-Grette, Julie, Melles, Martin, Minyuk, Pavel, Andreev, Andrei, Tarasov, Pavel, DeConto, Robert, Koenig, Sebastian, Nowaczyk, Norbert, Wennrich, Volker, Rosén, Peter, Haltia, Eeva, Cook, Tim, Gebhardt, Catalina, Meyer-Jacob, Carsten, Snyder, Jeff, Herzschuh, Ulrike (2013). "Pliocene Warmth, Polar Amplification, and Stepped Pleistocene Cooling Recorded in NE Arctic Russia" Science 340 p1421-1427
Fedorov, G., Nolan, M., Brigham-Grette, J., Bolshiyanov, D., Schwamborn, G., Juschus, O. (2013). "Preliminary estimation of Lake El'gygytgyn water balance and sediment income" Clim. Past 9 p1455-1465
Bischoff, Juliane, Mangelsdorf, Kai, Gattinger, Andreas, Schloter, Michael, Kurchatova, Anna N., Herzschuh, Ulrike, Wagner, Dirk (2013). "Response of methanogenic archaea to Late Pleistocene and Holocene climate changes in the Siberian Arctic" Global Biogeochemical Cycles 27 p305-317
Goderis, S., Wittmann, A., Zaiss, J., Elburg, M., Ravizza, G., Vanhaecke, F., Deutsch, A., Claeys, P. (2013). "Testing the ureilite projectile hypothesis for the El'gygytgyn impact: Determination of siderophile element abundances and Os isotope ratios in ICDP drill core samples and melt rocks" Meteoritics & Planetary Science 48 p1296-1324
Melles, Martin, Brigham-Grette, Julie, Minyuk, Pavel S., Nowaczyk, Norbert R., Wennrich, Volker, DeConto, Robert M., Anderson, Patricia M., Andreev, Andrei A., Coletti, Anthony, Cook, Timothy L., Haltia-Hovi, Eeva, Kukkonen, Maaret, Lozhkin, Anatoli V., Rosén, Peter, Tarasov, Pavel, Vogel, Hendrik, Wagner, Bernd (2012). "2.8 Million Years of Arctic Climate Change from Lake El’gygytgyn, NE Russia" Science p315-320
Chapligin, B., Meyer, H., Swann, G. E. A., Meyer-Jacob, C., Hubberten, H. W. (2012). "A 250 ka oxygen isotope record from diatoms at Lake El'gygytgyn, far east Russian Arctic" Clim. Past 8 p1621-1636
Chapligin, B., Meyer, H., Bryan, A., Snyder, J., Kemnitz, H. (2012). "Assessment of purification and contamination correction methods for analysing the oxygen isotope composition from biogenic silica" Chemical Geology p185-199
Schwamborn, G., Fedorov, G., Ostanin, N., Schirrmeister, L., Andreev, A., the El'gygytgyn Scientific, Party (2012). "Depositional dynamics in the El'gygytgyn Crater margin: implications for the 3.6 Ma old sediment archive" Clim. Past 8 p1897-1911
Andreev, A. A., Morozova, E., Fedorov, G., Schirrmeister, L., Bobrov, A. A., Kienast, F., Schwamborn, G. (2012). "Vegetation history of central Chukotka deduced from permafrost paleoenvironmental records of the El'gygytgyn Impact Crater" Clim. Past 8 p1287-1300
Chapligin, Bernhard (2011). "From method develoment to climate reconstruction-oxygen isotope analysis of biogenic silica from Lake El'gygytgyn, NE Siberia" Dissertation p195
Chapligin, Bernhard, Leng, Melanie J., Webb, Elizabeth, Alexandre, Anne, Dodd, Justin P., Ijiri, Akira, Lücke, Andreas, Shemesh, Aldo, Abelmann, Andrea, Herzschuh, Ulrike, Longstaffe, Fred J., Meyer, Hanno, Moschen, Robert, Okazaki, Yusuke, Rees, Nicholas H., Sharp, Zachary D., Sloane, Hilary J., Sonzogni, Corinne, Swann, George E. A., Sylvestre, Florence, Tyler, Jonathan J., Yam, Ruth (2011). "Inter-laboratory comparison of oxygen isotope compositions from biogenic silica" Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 75 p7242-7256
Juschus, Olaf, Pavlov, Maksim, Schwamborn, Georg, Preusser, Frank, Fedorov, Grigory, Melles, Martin (2011). "Late Quaternary lake-level changes of Lake El'gygytgyn, NE Siberia" Quaternary Research p441-451
Rosén, Peter, Vogel, Hendrik, Cunningham, Laura, Hahn, Annette, Hausmann, Sonja, Pienitz, Reinhard, Zolitschka, Bernd, Wagner, Bernd, Persson, Per (2011). "Universally Applicable Model for the Quantitative Determination of Lake Sediment Composition Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy" Environmental Science & Technology p8858-8865
Swann, George E. A., Leng, Melanie J., Juschus, Olaf, Melles, Martin, Brigham-Grette, Julie, Sloane, Hilary J. (2010). "A combined oxygen and silicon diatom isotope record of Late Quaternary change in Lake El'gygytgyn, North East Siberia" Quaternary Science Reviews 29 p774-786
Chapligin, B., Meyer, H., Friedrichsen, H., Marent, A., Sohns, E., Hubberten, H. W. (2010). "A high-performance, safer and semi-automated approach for the δ18O analysis of diatom silica and new methods for removing exchangeable oxygen" Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 24 p2655-2664
Gibson, Roger L, Reimold, Wolf Uwe (2010). "Introduction: Impact cratering and planetary studies—a fifty-year perspective" Geological Society of America Special Papers pvii-xii
Brigham-Grette, Julie, Melles, Martin (2009). "Complex drilling logistics for Lake El’gygytgyn, NE Russia" Scientific Drilling 7 p38-39
Mangelsdorf, Kai, Kallmeyer, Jens (2009). "Integration of Deep Biosphere Research into the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program" Scientific Drilling 10
Juschus, Olaf, Melles, Martin, Gebhardt, A. Catalina, Niessen, Frank (2009). "Late Quaternary mass movement events in Lake El′gygytgyn, North-eastern Siberia" Sedimentology 56 p2155-2174
Pienitz, R, Melles, M, Zolitschka, B (2009). "Results of recent sediment drilling activities in deep crater lakes" Pages News 17 No. 3 p117-118
Nowaczyk, Norbert R., Melles, Martin, Minyuk, Pavel (2007). "A revised age model for core PG1351 from Lake El’gygytgyn, Chukotka, based on magnetic susceptibility variations tuned to northern hemisphere insolation variations" Journal of Paleolimnology 37 p65-76
Juschus, Olaf, Preusser, Frank, Melles, Martin, Radtke, Ulrich (2007). "Applying SAR-IRSL methodology for dating fine-grained sediments from Lake El’gygytgyn, north-eastern Siberia" Quaternary Geochronology 2 p187-194
Minyuk, P. S., Brigham-Grette, J., Melles, M., Borkhodoev, V. Ya., Glushkova, O. Yu. (2007). "Inorganic geochemistry of El’gygytgyn Lake sediments (northeastern Russia) as an indicator of paleoclimatic change for the last 250 kyr" Journal of Paleolimnology 37 p123-133
Forman, Steven L., Pierson, James, Gómez, Jeaneth, Brigham-Grette, Julie, Nowaczyk, Norbert R., Melles, Martin (2007). "Luminescence geochronology for sediments from Lake El’gygytgyn, northeast Siberia, Russia: constraining the timing of paleoenvironmental events for the past 200 ka" Journal of Paleolimnology 37 p77-88
Brigham-Grette, Julie, Melles, Martin, Minyuk, Pavel (2007). "Overview and significance of a 250 ka paleoclimate record from El’gygytgyn Crater Lake, NE Russia" Journal of Paleolimnology 37 p1-16
Melles, Martin, Brigham-Grette, Julie, Glushkova, Olga Yu., Minyuk, Pavel S., Nowaczyk, Norbert R., Hubberten, Hans-W. (2007). "Sedimentary geochemistry of core PG1351 from Lake El’gygytgyn—a sensitive record of climate variability in the East Siberian Arctic during the past three glacial–interglacial cycles" Journal of Paleolimnology 37 p89-104