[KTB] KTB - Deep Vertical Seismic Profiling at the Continental Deep Drilling Site, Oberpfalz, Germany.

ICDP-Topics:
Climate & Ecosystems


Year of Application: 1999

Expedition ID: 5007

Current Status: completed

collision zones
convergent margins
deep biosphere
thermal regimes
Master Data

Prof. Dr. Serge A. Shapiro (PI)
Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Rabbel (PI)

Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Bach (Scientific Participant)
Prof. Dr. Frank Scherbaum (Scientific Participant)
Prof. Dr. Martin Sauter (Scientific Participant)
Prof. Dr. Hans-Wolfgang Hubberten (Scientific Participant)
Prof. Dr. Volker Haak (Scientific Participant)
Prof. Dr. Hans Berckhemer (Scientific Participant)
Prof. Dr. Christof Lempp (Scientific Participant)
Dr. Karin Bräuer (Scientific Participant)
Prof. Dr. Franz Jacobs (Scientific Participant)
Dr. Gabriela Schumann (Scientific Participant)
Dr. Gerhard Strauch (Scientific Participant)
Prof. Dr. Heinrich Soffel (Scientific Participant)
Prof. Dr. Peter Harting (Scientific Participant)
Dr. Alexander Krohe (Scientific Participant)
Dr. Günter Asch (Scientific Participant)
Prof. Dr. Lothar Ratschbacher (Scientific Participant)
Dr. Erich Steveling (Scientific Participant)
Dr. Axel Vollbrecht (Scientific Participant)
Prof. Dr. Peter Hubral (Scientific Participant)
Dr. Markus Eisel (Scientific Participant)
Prof. Dr. Gerhard Jentzsch (Scientific Participant)
Prof. Dr. Christoph Clauser (Scientific Participant)
Manfred Stiller (Scientific Participant)
Prof. Dr. Bernhard Stöckhert (Scientific Participant)
Dr. Erik Danckwardt (Scientific Participant)
Dr. Horst Kämpf (Scientific Participant)
Prof. Dr. Helga de Wall (Scientific Participant)
Prof. Dr. Horst J. Neugebauer (Scientific Participant)
Prof. Dr. Helmut Wilhelm (Scientific Participant)
Dr. Heiko Woith (Scientific Participant)
Dr. Andreas Reimer (Scientific Participant)
Prof. Dr. Egon Althaus (Scientific Participant)
Prof. Dr. Martin Okrusch (Scientific Participant)
Prof. Dr. Gerhard Müller (Scientific Participant)
Dr. Johannes Glodny (Scientific Participant)
Prof. Dr. Asaf Pekdeger (Scientific Participant)
Prof. Dr. Udo Haack (Scientific Participant)

Projektstart:
Projektdauer:
Geologisches Alter:

Latitude: 49°48'56''N
Kontinente:

Europe

Regionen & Städte:

Windisch Eschenbach
Bavaria
Upper Palantine

Longitude: 12°07'13''E
Länder:

Germany

Themen:

continental
hard rock

Drilling Data

Drilling Depth:
Core Yield:
Core Length:
Amount of Drill Holes:
Amount of Drill Locations:

Core Length-Drill Depth-Ratio:
Core Yield-Core Length-Ratio:

Related DFG-Projects

[Engelhardt] Fluidwegsamkeiten im Kristallin - Quantifizierung von Geometrie, Anzahl und Vernetzungsgrad von Klüften in verschiedenen Skalenintervallen - (1998 - 2002)


[Pekdeger] Origin of KTB fluids and impact of pressure variations on the fluid chemistry during a long-term pumping test at KTB-VB (2002 - 2006)


[Hubberten] Origin of KTB fluids and impact of pressure variations on the fluid chemistry during a long-term pumping test at KTB-VB (2002 - 2006)


[Hubral] Imaging der steilstehenden seismischen Reflektoren im Umfeld der KTB-Lokation aus VSP- und Oberflächendaten (1997 - 1999)


[Sauter] Beobachtung und Modellierung hydraulisch-induzierter geomechanischer Deformationen in der Umgebung der KTB (2004 - 2006)


[Danckwardt] Geoelectrical verification of fluid movements after the KTB Injection Test using surface / vertical electrode systems (2005 - 2007)


[Weber] Seismologisches Tiefenobservatorium in den KTB/ICDP-Bohrungen (1997 - 1999)


[Junge] Untersuchung elektronenleitender Mineralisationen im Bohrloch und Umgebung (1997 - 1999)


[Stöckhert] Mineralisation und Fluide im offenen Porenraum bis 9101 m Tiefe, KTB (1997 - 2000)


[Müller] Reflexions- und Streukoeffizienten der Erdkruste im Bereich der Kontinentalen Tiefbohrung: Thema geändert in: 2D- und 3D-Modellierung von seismischen Reflexionen aus der Erdkruste im Bereich der Kontinentalen Tiefbohrung (1998 - 2003)


[Gajewski] Imaging Induced Seismicity at the KTB (2006 - 2014)


[Kümpel] Natürliche und induzierte Porendruckschwankungen in 4 und 9 km Tiefe (1996 - 2000)


[Berckhemer] Retardierte Deformationsprozesse von Gesteinen bei niedriger Temperatur, vorwiegend an KTB-Material (1997 - 1999)


[Wächter] KTB auf dem Weg zum ICDP - Integration des KTB-Informationssystems in eine globale geowissenschaftliche Informationsinfrastruktur (1996 - 2000)


[Hansen] Isotopenuntersuchungen zur Herkunft und Migration der salinaren Tiefenfluide sowie zur unterirdischen Produktion von Chlor-36, C-14 und Tritium während des Langzeitpumptests 2002/2003 in der KTB-Vorbohrung (2002 - 2008)


[Eichinger] Radium Isotopes as Indicators of Pump Test Induced Changes in Fluid Composition; Fluid Age Dating by Means of 81Kr, 39Ar, 37Ar and 85Kr During the Long-Term Pumping Test 2002/2003 at the KTB Pilot Hole (2003 - 2004)


[Ratschbacher] An integrated FT/Raman/EMP/XRD-investigation of the fission-track and radiation-damage records in natural titanites from the Kontinentale Tiefbohrung (KTB) (2006 - 2009)


[Neugebauer] Fluidinduzierte Seismizität an der KTB als Funktion nichtlinearer Fluid-Gesteins-Wechselwirkungen (1996 - 1999)


[Yaramanci] Schallemissionsmessungen im Rahmen des ICDP/KTB (1997 - 2001)


[Soffel] Charakterisierung und interdisziplinäre Interpretation petrophysikalischer Daten aus dem KTB (1997 - 1999)


[Junge] Untersuchung graphitisierter Störungszonen im KTB-Umfeld durch IP-Messungen (1996 - 1998)


[Fuchs] Untersuchung des Spannungsfeldes in Osteuropa durch Messungen in Tiefbohrungen (1997 - 1998)


[Steveling] Elektromagnetische Vertikalgradientensondierung (a) und Bohrlochmagnetik (b) im Rahmen des KTB-Tiefenobservatoriums (Vor- und Hauptbohrung) (1997 - 1999)


[Roth] Untersuchung des Spannungsfeldes in Osteuropa durch Messungen in Tiefbohrungen (1997 - 1998)


[Reitner] Geobiology of saline fluids from the deep biosphere obtained from the KTB pump test (2002 - 2006)


[Reitner] Geobiology of saline fluids from the deep biosphere obtained from the KTB pump test (2004 - 2006)


[de Wall] Magnetomineralogische Untersuchungen an natürlichen Pyrrhotinen - Vergleich von in situ-Beobachtungen mit experimentellen Daten (1997 - 1999)


[Bräuer] Modellierung und Bewertung des konvektiven Wärmeflusses zur KTB-Lokation über die Quantifizierung des Gasflusses im Umfeld der KTB sowie seine chemische und isotopische Charakterisierung (1996 - 1998)


[Strauch] Modellierung und Bewertung des konvektiven Wärmeflusses zur KTB-Lokation über die Quantifizierung des Gasflusses im Umfeld der KTB sowie seine chemische und isotopische Charakterisierung (1996 - 1998)


[Borm] Seismologisches Tiefenlabor in den KTB/ICDP-Bohrungen (1997 - 2002)


[Ratschbacher] Apatite fission-track geothermochronology: Methodical experiments on samples from ICDP drill holes (2002 - 2007)


[Borm] Interpretation of the multiple-source VSP measurements in the deepest section of the KTB main borehole (2000 - 2005)


[Woda] ESR-Thermochronometry of quartz (2000 - 2004)


[Huenges] Natürliche und induzierte Porendruckschwankungen in 4 und 9 km Tiefe (1996 - 2000)


[Soffel] Charakterisierung von Kataklase- und Störungszonen durch ihre petrophysikalischen und geochemischen Eigenschaften mit Hilfe neuer statistischer Verfahren (1998 - 2002)


[Haak] Abbildung fossiler tektonischer Scherzonen im Bereich der KTB mit Hilfe elektromagnetischer Tiefensondierung (1996 - 1997)


[Weise] Modellierung und Bewertung des konvektiven Wärmeflusses zur KTB-Lokation über die Quantifizierung des Gasflusses im Umfeld der KTB sowie seine chemische und isotopische Charakterisierung (1996 - 1998)


[Lauterjung] Operation of the KTB logging equipment for borehole measurements and experiments in the KTB-Deep Crustal Lab (KTB-Tiefenlabor, KTB-TL) and logging operations in international ICDP projects (1996 - 2009)


[Althaus] Teufenabhängige Gradienten der Fluideigenschaften in Fluideinschlüssen in KTB-Gesteinen (1997 - 2001)


[Rabbel] Auswertung des bis Endteufe vertieften Multiple-Source VSP in der KTB Hauptbohrung (2000 - 2003)


[Danckwardt] Kombinierte Auswertung und Interpretation vorhandener geoelektrischer Widerstandsmessungen im Bereich der KTB zur Schaffung eines integrierten Leitfähigkeitsmodells und als Mittel für pre-site-survey von geplanten Tiefbohrlokationen im krustalen Bereich (ICDP) (1996 - 2000)


[Woith] Origin of KTB fluids and impact of pressure variations on the fluid chemistry during a long-term pumping test at KTB-VB (2002 - 2006)


[Kessels] Three-dimensional modelling of fluid movement and transport of fluid components in the SE1 and SE2 fault zones driven by processes on a regional scale. Hydraulic and tracer test interpretation regarding the stress coupling and the probability of the hydraulic induced shear failures and as technical support. (2001 - 2005)


[Kümpel] Untersuchungen zur Durchführung großräumiger hydraulischer Langzeitversuche in den KTB-Bohrungen (2001 - 2003)


Description

The drilling activities at the KTB location in the Oberpfalz, Bavaria, started on 22 September 1987. In 1989 the KTB pilot borehole (Vorbohrung, VB) reached a depth of 4000.1 m. The KTB main borehole (Hauptbohrung, HB) was spudded on 6 October 1990 and reached its final depth of 9101 m on 10 October 1994. The essential results of the whole project were summarized by Emmermann (1995).

 

The KTB drill site is located in the northern part of the Zone Erbendorf-Vohenstrauss (ZEV), approximately 3 km NW of the town of Windischeschenbach, Oberpfalz. A detailed description of the ZEV and the neighbouring units is given by Stettner (1992). The ZEV is a small NW- to SE- to NNW- to SSE-trending MP metamorphic unit. It is composed of alternating paragneisses and different types of metabasic rocks, probably of pre- or early-Ordovician protolith age (Gneiss-metabasite complex or Neustadt group).
In the north the ZEV is in contact with the metabasic and meta-ultramafic rocks of the Erbendorf greenschist zone and the metasediments and metavolcanics of the Wetzldorf unit. The latter units are separated from the dominantly low-grade metamorphic Cambrian to Lower Carboniferous rocks in the southern part of the Saxothuringian zone (Kossmat 1927) by the Erbendorf line. In the east and south, the ZEV borders on high-grade metamorphic rocks of the Moldanubicum. The imbricated boundary zone is  characterized by the occurrence of relics of the Wetzldorf unit. The contacts between the above units are partially obscured by the dioritic to granitic intrusions of the Carboniferous Oberpfalz pluton (Steinwald, Falkenberg and Leuchtenberg massifs). In the SW, the basement units are thrust to the SW upon Permocarboniferous and  Mesozoic sediments of the South German block. The most important thrust movements occurred along the Franconian lineament, a NW- to SE-trending crustal- scale fault  system that was repeatedly active during late- and post-Variscan times. Lithologically, the north part of the ZEV can be subdivided into an upper gneiss-rich unit (Püllersreuth subgroup) in the SW and a lower unit with abundant metabasites (Windischeschenbach subgroup) in the NE (Hirschmann 1994). Both units generally dip SW.

 

The KTB drill  site is situated in the area of the Windischeschenbach unit.

Due to technical problems during the drilling operations, the profile of the VB is composed of three sections:

  1. hole 1 (VB1, 0-1998.3 m),
  2. hole 2 (VB1a, 1709.0-3893.0 m) and 
  3. hole 3 (VB1b, 3766.9-4000.1 m).

 

The VB was nearly continuously cored with the exception of four phases of directional drilling and/or sidetracking (three small intervals of  the upper sections VB1 and VB1a and the whole section of VB1b). The geological investigations are mainly based on core samples (core recovery 3276 m) and subordinately cuttings and rock flour. Borehole measurements including logs for the structural investigation [Formation Micro- Scanner (FMS); BoreHole TeleViewer (BHTV)] provide continuous information of the whole profile.

Geological data recovered in the field laboratory are summarized in Röhr et al. (1990).

Borehole measurements cover the whole profile.

 

 

References

Emmermann R (1995) Abenteuer Tiefbohrung. Geowissenschaften, 13 (4) : 114-128

Hirschmann G (1994) The lithological units of the northern ZEV. KTB Rep 94-3 :63-74

Kossmat F (1927) Gliederung des varistischen Gebirgsbaues. Abh Sächs Geol Landesamt 1 : 1-39

Röhr C, Kohl J, Hacker W, Keyssner S, Müller H, Sigmund J, Stroh A, Zulauf G (1990) German Continental Deep Drilling Program (KTB): geological survey of the pilot hole  "KTB Oberpfalz VB". KTB Rep 90-8 :B1-B55

Stettner G (1992) Geologie im Umfeld der Kontinentalen Tiefbohrung Oberpfalz. Bayerisches Geologisches Landesamt, München

Related Publications

Hrubcova, Pavla, Vavrycuk, Vaclav, Bouskova, Alena, Bohnhoff, Marco (2016). "Shallow crustal discontinuities inferred from waveforms of microearthquakes: Method and application to KTB Drill Site and West Bohemia Swarm Area" JGR: Solid Earth 121 p881-902


Zhebel, Oksana (2014). "Imaging of seismic events: The role of imaging conditions, acquisition geometry and source mechanisms" Dissertation


Haney, Frank, Kummerow, J, Langenbruch, C, Dinske, C, Shapiro, Serge A, Scherbaum, Frank (2011). "Magnitude estimation for microseismicity induced during the KTB 2004/2005 injection experiment" Geophysics 76 pWC47-WC53


Anton Reshetnikov, Joern Kummerow, Stefan Buske, Serge A. Shapiro (2010). "Microseismic imaging from a single geophone: KTB" SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2010 p2070-2074


Beilecke, T., Bram, K., Buske, S. (2010). "Pressure-dependent seismic reflection amplitude changes in crystalline crust: lessons learned at the Continental Deep Drilling Site (KTB)" Geophysical Journal International 180 p311-326


Berthold, Susann (2010). "Synthetic Convection Log — Characterization of vertical transport processes in fluid-filled boreholes" Journal of Applied Geophysics 72 p20-27


D. Gajewski, K. Sommer, C. Vanelle, R. Patzig (2009). "Influence of models on seismic-event localization" GEOPHYSICS 74 (5) pWB55-WB61


Bohnhoff, Marco, Dresen, Georg, Ellsworth, William L, Ito, Hisao (2009). "Passive seismic monitoring of natural and induced earthquakes: case studies, future directions and socio-economic relevance" New Frontiers in Integrated Solid Earth Sciences p261-285


Börner, Frank, Berthold, Susann (2009). "Vertical flows in groundwater monitoring wells" Groundwater Geophysics: A Tool for Hydrogeology p367-389


Jahr, T., Jentzsch, G., Gebauer, A., Lau, T. (2008). "Deformation, seismicity, and fluids: Results of the 2004/2005 water injection experiment at the KTB/Germany" Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 113 pn/a-n/a


Berthold, Susann, Börner, Frank (2008). "Detection of free vertical convection and double-diffusion in groundwater monitoring wells with geophysical borehole measurements" Environmental Geology 54 p1547-1566


Spiessl, Sabine M., Prommer, Henning, Licha, Tobias, Sauter, Martin, Zheng, Chunmiao (2007). "A process-based reactive hybrid transport model for coupled discrete conduit–continuum systems" Journal of Hydrology 347 p23-34


Brauchler, Ralf, Sauter, Martin, McDermott, Christopher I, Leven, Carsten, Weede, Matthias, Dietrich, Peter, Liedl, Rudolf, Hötzl, Heinz, Teutsch, Georg (2007). "Characterization of fractured porous media: Aquifer Analogue Approach" Groundwater in Fractured Rocks: IAH Selected Paper Series Chapter 25 p375


Shapiro, SA, Kummerow, J, Dinske, C, Asch, G, Rothert, E, Erzinger, J, Kümpel, H‐J, Kind, R (2006). "Fluid induced seismicity guided by a continental fault: Injection experiment of 2004/2005 at the german deep drilling site (KTB)" Geophysical Research Letters 33 pL01309


Graesle, W, Kessels, W, Kümpel, H.-J., Li, X (2006). "Hydraulic observations from a 1 year fluid production test in the 4000 m deep KTB pilot borehole" Geofluids 6 p8-23


McDermott, C. I., Lodemann, M., Ghergut, I., Tenzer, H., Sauter, M., Kolditz, O. (2006). "Investigation of coupled hydraulic–geomechanical processes at the KTB site: pressure-dependent characteristics of a long-term pump test and elastic interpretation using a geomechanical facies model" Geofluids 6 p67-81


Erzinger, J., Wiersberg, T., Zimmer, M. (2006). "Real-time mud gas logging and sampling during drilling" Geofluids 6 p225-233


Ghergut, I, McDermott, CI, Herfort, M, Sauter, M, Kolditz, O (2006). "Reducing ambiguity in fractured-porous media characterization using single-well tracer tests" IAHS Publ 304 p17-24


Kaselow, Axel, Becker, Katharina, Shapiro, Serge A. (2006). "Stress Sensitivity of Seismic and Electric Rock Properties of the Upper Continental Crust at the KTB" pure and applied geophysics 163 p1021-1029


Kümpel, H-J, Erzinger, Jörg, Shapiro, Serge A (2006). "Two massive hydraulic tests completed in deep KTB pilot hole" Scientific Drilling 3 p40-42


Möller, P., Woith, H., Dulski, P., Lüders, V., Erzinger, J., Kämpf, H., Pekdeger, A., Hansen, B., Lodemann, M., Banks, D. (2005). "Main and trace elements in KTB-VB fluid: composition and hints to its origin" Geofluids 5 p28-41


Lippmann, J., Erzinger, J., Zimmer, M., Schloemer, S., Eichinger, L., Faber, E. (2005). "On the geochemistry of gases and noble gas isotopes (including 222Rn) in deep crustal fluids: the 4000 m KTB-pilot hole fluid production test 2002–03" Geofluids 5 p52-66


Shapiro, Serge A, Kaselow, Axel (2005). "Porosity and elastic anisotropy of rocks under tectonic stress and pore-pressure changes" Geophysics 70 (5) pN27-N38


Stober, I., Bucher, K. (2005). "The upper continental crust, an aquifer and its fluid: hydaulic and chemical data from 4 km depth in fractured crystalline basement rocks at the KTB test site" Geofluids 5 p8-19


Bigalke, Jürgen, Junge, Andreas, Zulauf, Gernold (2004). "Electronically conducting brittle-ductile shear zones in the crystalline basement of Rittsteig (Bohemian Massif, Germany): Evidence from self potential and hole-to-surface electrical measurements" Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 93 p44-51


Kaselow, A., Shapiro, Serge A. (2004). "Stress sensitivity of elastic moduli and electrical resistivity in porous rocks" Journal of Geophysics and Engineering 1 p1-11


Zillmer, M., Müller, G., Stiller, M. (2002). "Seismic reflections from the crystalline crust below the Continental Deep Drilling Site KTB: Modeling and inference on reflector properties" Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 107 pESE 2-1-ESE 2-15


de Wall, Helga, Worm, Horst-Ulrich (2001). "Recognition of drilling-induced remanent magnetization by Q-factor analysis: a case study from the KTB-drillholes" Journal of Applied Geophysics 46 p55-64


Heikamp, H, Nover, Georg (2001). "The electrical signature of rock samples exposed to hydrostatic and triaxial pressures" Annals of Geophysics 44 (2) p287-293


Anastasiadis, Cimon, Triantis, Dimos, Vallianatos, Filippos, Nover, Georg, Nomicos, Constantine (2001). "The spectrum of thermally stimulated currents in rock samples from KTB drilling: preliminary results" Annals of Geophysics 44 p355-359


Rasolofosaon, P. N. J., Rabbel, W., Siegesmund, S., Vollbrecht, A. (2000). "Characterization of crack distribution: fabric analysis versus ultrasonic inversion" Geophysical Journal International 141 p413-424


Krohe, A., Wawrzenitz, N. (2000). "Domainal variations of U–Pb monazite ages and Rb–Sr whole-rock dates in polymetamorphic paragneisses (KTB Drill Core, Germany): influence of strain and deformation mechanisms on isotope systems" Journal of Metamorphic Geology 18 p271-291


Storz, H., Storz, W., Jacobs, F. (2000). "Electrical resistivity tomography to investigate geological structures of the earth's upper crust" Geophysical Prospecting 48 p455-471


Bokelmann, Götz H. R., Harjes, Hans-Peter (2000). "Evidence for temporal variation of seismic velocity within the upper continental crust" Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 105 (B10) p23879-23894


Zimmermann, Günter, Körner, Alexander, Burkhardt, Hans (2000). "Hydraulic pathways in the crystalline rock of the KTB" Geophysical Journal International 142 (1) p4-14


Kontny, Agnes, de Wall, Helga, Sharp, Thomas G, Pósfai, Mihály (2000). "Mineralogy and magnetic behavior of pyrrhotite from a 260 C section at the KTB drilling site, Germany" American Mineralogist 85 (10) p1416-1427


Pósfai, Mihály, Sharp, Thomas G, Kontny, Agnes (2000). "Pyrrhotite varieties from the 9.1 km deep borehole of the KTB project" American Mineralogist 85 (10) p1406-1415


Smithson, S.B., Wenzel, F., Ganchin, Y.V., Morozov, I.B. (2000). "Seismic results at Kola and KTB deep scienti®c boreholes: velocities, re¯ections, ¯uids, and crustal composition" Tectonophysics 329 p301-317


Rauen, Armin, Soffel, Heinrich C., Winter, Helmuth (2000). "Statistical analysis and origin of the magnetic susceptibility of drill cuttings from the 9.1-km-deep KTB drill hole" Geophysical Journal International 142 (1) p83-94


Wilhelm, Helmut (2000). "Undisturbed temperature in the main drillhole of the German Continental Deep Drilling Program predicted from temperature logs recorded after shut-in" Geothermics 29 p393-406


Buske, S. (1999). "3-D Prestack Kirchhoff Migration of the ISO89-3D Data Set" pure and applied geophysics 156 p157-171


Bach, Wolfgang, Naumann, Dirk, Erzinger, Jörg (1999). "A helium, argon, and nitrogen record of the upper continental crust (KTB drill holes, Oberpfalz, Germany): implications for crustal degassing" Chemical Geology 160 (1-2) p81-101


Rietbrock, Andreas, Scherbaum, Frank (1999). "Crustal scattering at the KTB from a combined microearthquake and receiver analysis" Geophysical Journal International 136 p57-67


Vollbrecht, Axel, Stipp, Michael, Olesen, Niels Ø (1999). "Crystallographic orientation of microcracks in quartz and inferred deformation processes: a study on gneisses from the German Continental Deep Drilling Project (KTB)" Tectonophysics 303 p279-297


Zulauf, G., Palm, S., Petschick, R., Spies, O. (1999). "Element mobility and volumetric strain in brittle and brittle–viscous shear zones of the superdeep well KTB (Germany)" Chemical Geology 156 (1-4) p135-149


Leonardi, Sabrina, Kümpel, Hans-Joachim (1999). "Fractal variability in superdeep borehole — implications for the signature of crustal heterogeneities" Tectonophysics 301 (1-2) p173-181


Zimmermann, G., Huenges, E. (1999). "Rock Permeability and Fluid Pressure At the Ktb. Implications from Laboratory-And Drill Hole-Measurements" Oil & Gas Science and Technology - Rev. IFP 54 p689-694


Kümpel, H.J., Grecksch, G., Lehmann, K., Rebscher, D., Schulze, K.C. (1999). "Studies of in situ Pore Pressure Fluctuations at Various Scales" Oil & Gas Science and Technology - Rev. IFP 54 (6) p679-688


Müller, J., Janik, M., Harjes, H.-P. (1999). "The Use of Wave-field Directivity for Velocity Estimation: Moving Source Profiling (MSP) Experiments at KTB" pure and applied geophysics 156 p303-318


Ritter, Oliver, Haak, Volker, Rath, Volker, Stein, Eckardt, Stiller, Manfred (1999). "Very high electrical conductivity beneath the Münchberg Gneiss area in Southern Germany: implications for horizontal transport along shear planes" Geophysical Journal International 139 (1) p161-170


Harjes, H. P., Janik, M., Müller, J., Bliznetsov, M. (1998). "Imaging of crustal structures from vertical array measurements" Tectonophysics 286 p185-192


Nover, G., Heikamp, S., Meurer, H.J., Freund, D. (1998). "In-Situ Electrical Conductivity and Permeability of Mid-Crustal Rocks from the Ktb Drilling: Consequences for High Conductive Layers in the Earth Crust" Surveys in Geophysics 19 p73-85


Lehmann, Holger, Wang, Kelin, Clauser, Christoph (1998). "Parameter identification and uncertainty analysis for heat transfer at the KTB drill site using a 2-D inverse method" Tectonophysics 291 p179-194


Coyle, D. A., Wagner, G. A. (1998). "Positioning the titanite fission-track partial annealing zone" Chemical Geology 149 p117-125


Millich, E., Neugebauer, H. J., Huenges, E., Nover, G. (1998). "Pressure dependence of permeability and Earth tide induced fluid flow" Geophysical Research Letters 25 (6) p 809-812


Jost, ML, Büßelberg, T, Jost, Ö, Harjes, H-P (1998). "Source parameters of injection-induced microearthquakes at 9 km depth at the KTB deep drilling site, Germany" Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 88 (3) p815-832


Troschke, B., Burkhardt, H. (1998). "Thermal conductivity models fro two-phase systems" Physics and Chemistry of the Earth 23 p351-355


Seipold, U., Huenges, E. (1998). "Thermal properties of gneisses and amphibolites — high pressure and high temperature investigations of KTB-rock samples" Tectonophysics 291 p173-178


Leonardi, Sabrina, Kümpel, Hans-Joachim (1998). "Variability of geophysical log data and the signature of crustal heterogeneities at the KTB" Geophysical Journal International 135 p964-974


Borm, G., Engeser, B., Hoffers, B., Kutter, H. K., Lempp, C. (1997). "Borehole instabilities in the KTB main borehole" Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 102 (B8) p18507-18517


Behrmann, J. H., Tanner, D. C. (1997). "Carboniferous tectonics of the Variscan basement collage in eastern Bavaria and western Bohemia" Geologische Rundschau 86 p S15-S27


Hecht, L., Vigneresse, J. L., Morteani, G. (1997). "Constraints on the origin of zonation of the granite complexes in the Fichtelgebirge (Germany and Czech Republic): evidence from a gravity and geochemical study" Geologische Rundschau 86 p S93-S109


O'Brien, Patrick J., Duyster, Johannes, Grauert, Borwin, Schreyer, Werner, Stöckhert, Bernhard, Weber, Klaus (1997). "Crustal evolution of the KTB drill site: From oldest relics to the Late Hercynian granites" Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 102 (B8) p 18203-18220


Zulauf, G., Maier, M., Stöckhert, B. (1997). "Depth of intrusion and thermal modeling of the Falkenberg granite (Oberpfalz, Germany)" Geologische Rundschau 86 p S87-S92


Schödlbauer, S., Hecht, L., Höhndorf, A., Morteani, G. (1997). "Enclaves in the S-type granites of the Kösseine massif (Fichtelgebirge, Germany): implications for the origin of granites" Geologische Rundschau 86 p S125-S140


Shapiro, Sergei A., Huenges, Ernst, Borm, Günter (1997). "Estimating the crust permeability from fluid-injection-induced seismic emission at the KTB site" Geophysical Journal International 131 pF15-F18


Irber, W., Förster, H.-J., Hecht, L., Möller, P., Morteani, G. (1997). "Experimental, geochemical, mineralogical and O-isotope constraints on the late-magmatic history of the Fichtelgebirge granites (Germany)" Geologische Rundschau 86 p S110-S124


Huenges, Ernst (1997). "Factors controlling the variances of seismic velocity, density, thermal conductivity and heat production of cores from the KTB Pilot Hole" Geophysical Research Letters 24 p341-344


Zulauf, G, Duyster, Johannes (1997). "Faults and veins in the superdeep well KTB: constraints on the amount of Alpine intra-plate thrusting and stacking of Variscan basement (Bohemian Massif, Germany)" Geologische Rundschau 86 p S28-S33


Hejl, E., Coyle, D., Lal, Nand, van den Haute, P. , Wagner, G. A. (1997). "Fission-track dating of the western border of the Bohemian massif: thermochronology and tectonic implications" Geologische Rundschau 86 p 210-219


Kontny, A., Friedrich, G., Behr, H. J., de Wall, H., Horn, E. E., Möller, P., Zulauf, G. (1997). "Formation of ore minerals in metamorphic rocks of the German continental deep drilling site (KTB)" Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 102 (B8) p 18323-18336


Harms, U., Cameron, K. L., Simon, K., Brätz, H. (1997). "Geochemistry and petrogenesis of metabasites from the KTB ultradeep borehole, Germany" Geologische Rundschau 86 pS155-S166


Siebel, W., Trzebski, R., Stettner, G., Hecht, L., Casten, U., Höhndorf, A., Müller, P. (1997). "Granitoid magmatism of the NW Bohemian massif revealed: gravity data, composition, age relations and phase concept" Geologische Rundschau 86 p S45-S63


Casten, U., Götze, H.-J., Plaumann, S., Soffel, H. C. (1997). "Gravity anomalies in the KTB area and their structural interpretation with special regard to the granites of the northern Oberpfalz (Germany)" Geologische Rundschau 86 p S79-S86


Grawinkel, Andrea, Stöckhert, Bernhard (1997). "Hydrostatic pore fluid pressure to 9 km depth - Fluid inclusion evidence from the KTB deep drill hole" Geophysical Research Letters 24 p3273-3276


Zoback, Mark D., Harjes, Hans-Peter (1997). "Injection-induced earthquakes and crustal stress at 9 km depth at the KTB deep drilling site, Germany" Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 102 p18477-18491


Haak, Volker, Jones, Alan G. (1997). "Introduction to Special Section: The KTB Deep Drill Hole" Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 102 (B8) p 18175-18177


Haack, V,, Simpson, F,, Bahr, K, Bigalke, J, Eisel, M, Harms, U., Hirschmann, G., Huenges, E, Jödicke, H, Kontny, A, Kück, J, Nover, G., Rauen, A., Stoll, J. B., Walther, J., Winter, H., Zulauf, G (1997). "KTB and the electrical conductivity of the crust" Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 102 (B8) p 18289-18305


Harjes, H. P., Bram, K., Dürbaum, H. J., Gebrande, H., Hirschmann, G., Janik, M., Klöckner, M., Lüschen, E., Rabbel, W., Simon, M., Thomas, R., Tormann, J., Wenzel, F. (1997). "Origin and nature of crystal reflections: Results from integrated seismic measurements at the KTB superdeep drilling site" Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 102 p18267-18288


Möller, P., Weise, S. M., Althaus, E., Bach, W., Behr, H. J., Borchardt, R., Bräuer, K., Drescher, J., Erzinger, J., Faber, E., Hansen, B. T., Horn, E. E., Huenges, E., Kämpf, H., Kessels, W., Kirsten, T., Landwehr, D., Lodemann, M., Machon, L., Pekdeger, A., Pielow, H. U., Reutel, C., Simon, K., Walther, J., Weinlich, F. H., Zimmer, M. (1997). "Paleofluids and Recent fluids in the upper continental crust: Results from the German Continental Deep Drilling Program (KTB)" Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 102 (B8) p18233-18254


Berckhemer, H., Rauen, A., Winter, H., Kern, H., Kontny, A., Lienert, M., Nover, G., Pohl, J., Popp, T., Schult, A., Zinke, J., Soffel, H. C. (1997). "Petrophysical properties of the 9-km-deep crustal section at KTB" Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 102 (B8) p18337-18361


Schmädicke, E., Okrusch, M. (1997). "Phase relations of calcic amphibole–orthoamphibole–chlorite- talc assemblages, with applications to ultramafic rocks from the KTB pilot hole, Bavaria" Geologische Rundschau 86 p S212-S221


Wagner, G. A., Coyle, D. A., Duyster, J., Henjes-Kunst, F., Peterek, A., Schröder, B., Stöckhert, B., Wemmer, K., Zulauf, G., Ahrendt, H., Bischoff, R., Hejl, E., Jacobs, J., Menzel, D., Lal, Nand, Van den Haute, P., Vercoutere, C., Welzel, B. (1997). "Post-Variscan thermal and tectonic evolution of the KTB site and its surroundings" Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 102 (B8) p18221-18232


Zeh, A., Okrusch, M., Brätz, H. (1997). "Post-peak re-equilibration in a mafic gneiss from the KTB main hole: implications for the metamorphic evolution" Geologische Rundschau 86 p S222-S234


Dresen, Georg, Duyster, Johannes, Stöckhert, Bernhard, Wirth, Richard, Zulauf, Gernold (1997). "Quartz dislocation microstructure between 7000 m and 9100 m depth from the Continental Deep Drilling Program KTB" Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 102 (B8) p18443-18452


Ahrendt, H., Glodny, J., Henjes-Kunst, F., Höhndorf, A., Kreuzer, H., Küstner, W., Müller-Sigmund, H., Schüssler, U., Seidel, E., Wemmer, K. (1997). "Rb–Sr and K–Ar mineral data of the KTB and the surrounding area and their bearing on the tectonothermal evolution of the metamorphic basement rocks" Geologische Rundschau 86 pS251-S257


Huenges, Ernst, Lauterjung, Jörn, Bücker, Christian, Lippmann, Erich, Kern, Hartmut (1997). "Seismic velocity, density, thermal conductivity and heat production of cores from the KTB Pilot Hole" Geophysical Research Letters 24 (3) p345-348


Zulauf, G., Duyster, J. (1997). "Supracrustal intraplate thickening of Variscan basement due to Alpine foreland compression: Results from the superdeep well KTB (Bohemian Massif, Germany)" Tectonics 16 (5) p730-743


Coyle, D. A., Wagner, G. A., Hejl, E., Brown, R., den Haute, P. Van (1997). "The Cretaceous and younger thermal history of the KTB site (Germany): apatite fission-track data from the Vorbohrung" Geologische Rundschau 86 p203-209


Emmermann, Rolf, Lauterjung, Jörn (1997). "The German Continental Deep Drilling Program KTB: Overview and major results" Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 102 (B8) p 18179-18201


Hirschmann, G., Duyster, J., Harms, U., Kontny, A., Lapp, M., de Wall, H., Zulauf, G. (1997). "The KTB superdeep borehole: petrography and structure of a 9-km-deep crustal section" Geologische Rundschau 86 p S3-S14


Mayer, G., Mai, P. M., Plenefisch, T., Echtler, H., Lüschen, E., Wehrle, V., Müller, B., Bonjer, K. P., Prodehl, C., Fuchs, K. (1997). "The deep crust of the Southern Rhine Graben: reflectivity and seismicity as images of dynamic processes" Tectonophysics 275 p15-40


Huenges, E, Erzinger, J, Kück, J, Engeser, B, Kessels, W (1997). "The permeable crust: Geohydraulic properties down to 9101 m depth" Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 102 (B8) p18255-18265


Holl, Albert, Althaus, Egon, Lempp, Christof, Natau, Otfried (1997). "The petrophysical behaviour of crustal rocks under the influence of fluids" Tectonophysics 275 p253-260


Clauser, Christoph, Giese, Peter, Huenges, Ernst, Kohl, Thomas, Lehmann, Holger, Rybach, Ladislaus, Šafanda, Jan, Wilhelm, Helmut, Windloff, Karla, Zoth, Gustav (1997). "The thermal regime of the crystalline continental crust: Implications from the KTB" Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 102 p18417-18441


Zang, Arno, Berckhemer, Hans, Lienert, Matthias (1996). "Crack closure pressures inferred from ultrasonic drill-core measurements to 8 km depth in the KTB wells" Geophysical Journal International 124 p657-674


Lüschen, Ewald, Bram, Kurt, Söllner, Walter, Sobolev, Stephan (1996). "Nature of seismic reflections and velocities from VSP-experiments and borehole measurements at the KTB deep drilling site in southeast Germany" Tectonophysics 264 p309-326


Zang, A., Lienert, M., Zinke, J., Berckhemer, H. (1996). "Residual strain, wave speed and crack analysis of crystalline cores from the KTB-VB well" Tectonophysics 263 p219-234


Haack, U. K., Zimmermann, H. D. (1996). "Retrograde mineral reactions: a heat source in the continental crust?" Geologische Rundschau 85 p130-137


Leonardi, S., Kümpel, H. -J. (1996). "Scaling behaviour of vertical magnetic susceptibility and its fractal characterization: an example from the German continental deep drilling project (KTB)" Geologische Rundschau 85 p50-57


Rabbel, Wolfgang, Mooney, Walter D. (1996). "Seismic anisotropy of the crystalline crust: what does it tell us?" Terra Nova 8 p16-21


Duyster, J, Kontny, A, De Wall, H, Zulauf, G (1995). "Postvariszische Krustenstapelung am Westrand der Böhmischen Masse: Geologische Interpretation des 9.1km tiefen KTB-Krustenprofils" Geowissenschaften 13 Heft 4 p135-141


Nover, G, Heikamp, S, Kontny, A, Duba, Al (1995). "The effect of pressure on the electrical conductivity of KTB rocks" Surveys in Geophysics 16 p63-81